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The Katipunan
The Supreme Councils |
In 1892, Bonifacio convened the original members and decided to change the method of recruiting members. It was agreed that any member of the society could take in as many new members as he could get. Under this new method, the membership of the society reached more than 100. Thereupon, an election was held, with the following as officers of the first Supreme Council:
Deosdato Arellano | President or Supremo |
Andres Bonifacio | Intervenor or Comptroller |
Ladislao Diwa | Fiscal |
Teodoro Plata | Secretary |
Valentin Diaz | Treasurer |
In a meeting in February 1893, Bonifacio, disgusted over Arellano's inaction, deposed him and put Roman Basa in his place as Supremo. The officers of this second Supreme Council were:
Roman Basa | President or Supremo |
Andres Bonifacio | Fiscal |
Jose Turiano Santiago | Secretary |
Vicente Molina | Treasurer |
Briccio Pantas | Councilor |
Restituto Javier | Councilor |
Teodoro Plata | Councilor |
Teodoro Gonzales | Councilor |
Ladislao Diwa | Councilor |
When early in 1895, Bonifacio realized that Roman Basa was as ineffectual as Deodato Arellano, he called a meeting of the society and promptly deposed Basa. The election resulted in the elevation of the following to the different offices:
Andres Bonifacio | Supremo |
Emilio Jacinto | Fiscal |
Jose Turiano Santiago | Secretary |
Vicente Molina | Treasurer |
Pio Valenzuela | Physician |
Pantaleon Torres | Councilor |
Aguedo del Rosario | Councilor |
Doroteo Trinidad | Councilor |
On December 31, 1895, another election to the Supreme Council was held, with the following officers:
Andres Bonifacio | Supremo |
Pio Valenzuela | Fiscal and Physician |
Emilio Jacinto | Secretary |
Vicente Molina | Treasurer |
Enrique Pacheco | Councilor |
Pantaleon Torres | Councilor |
Balbino Florentino | Councilor |
Francisco Carreon | Councilor |
Hermenigildo Reyes | Councilor |
Eight months later, in August 1896, immediately before the discovery of the Katipunan, the fifth and last Supreme Council took its oath of office. Elected were:
Andres Bonifacio | Supremo |
Emilio Jacinto | Secretary of State |
Teodoro Plata | Secretary of War |
Briccio Pantas | Secretary of Justice |
Aguedo del Rosario | Secretary of Interior |
Enrique Pacheco | Secretary of Finance |
Immediately before the outbreak of the revolution, therefore, Bonifacio organized the Katipunan into a government revolving around a "cabinet" composed of men of his confidence.
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