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The Philippine Revolution
First Shots of the Revolution
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August 23, 1896 Cry of Pugadlawin | The revolution began with Bonifacio and his men tearing up their cedulas. A valiant Katipunero, Simplicio Acabe, became the first casualty of the revolution. |
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August 30, 1896 Battle of San Juan Battle of Pinaglabanan |
Bonifacio, leading his ragtag army of poorly armed and untrained Katipuneros, attacked the polverin(powder depot) of San Juan which was defended by 100 well-armed and trained artillerists and infantrymen. More than 200 Katipuneros were taken prisoner and 153 died. Almost simultaneously, the people of Santa Mesa, Pandacan, Pateros, Taguig, San Pedo, Makati, Caloocan, Balik-balik, and San Juan del Monte in Manila, and San Francisco de Malabon, Kawit and Noveleta in Cavite rose up in arms. |
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August 30, 1896 Martial Law proclaimed | In the afternoon of August 30, afternoon of the morning battle at San Juan, Governor General Blanco issued a proclamation declaring a state of war on eight Luzon provinces -- Manila, Cavite, Laguna, Batangas, Bulacan, Pampanga, Nueva Ecija and Tarlac. |
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August 31, 1896 Kawit Revolt Liberation of Noveleta | In Cavite, the uprisings were more successful, because they had able military commanders like Emilio Aguinaldo who led the revolt in Kawit on August 31, and Mariano Alvarez who liberated Noveleta on the same day. Other military leaders rose to prominence, notably Artemio Ricarte, Tomas Mascardo, Juan Cailles, Vito Belarmino, Mariano Trias and Marcelino Aure. |
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September 2, 1896 Cry of Nueva Ecija | In Nueva Ecija, two thousand revolucionarios under General Mariano Llanera, municipal captain of Cabiao, attacked the Spanish Garrison in San Isidro on September 2. The assault was carried out in a flamboyant manner. Wearing red ribbons, the revolutionaries first paraded down the principal streets to the music of the Cabiao Musikong Bumbong band. Their leader cut dashing figures on horseback. Then, armed only with bolos and pointed sticks, the revolutionary soldiers attacked. The Filipinos held the town for three days but were forced out after a furious battle against fresh Spanish troops. |
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September 5, 1896 Battle of Imus | Emilio Aguinaldo, mayor of Kawit, was then known as Capitan Miong. He won a signal victory in Imus on September 5, 1896 against the forces if General Ernesto Aguirre. From then on, he became General Miong, the hero of the Cavitños. |
| September 6, 1896 | The four Katipunan leaders taken prisoner in the Battle of San Juan -- Sancho Valenzuela, Ramon Peralta, Modesto Sarmiento, and Eugenio Silvestre -- were executed by a firing squad at the Luneta, Manila. |
| September 12, 1896 | Thirteen martyrs of Cavite were executed in front of San Felipe Fort in the Cavite arsenal. |
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November 9-11 1896 Battle of Binakayan Battle of Dalahican | The twin battles in Binakayan (a barrio in Kawit) and Dalahican (then a barrio of Noveleta) were decidedly brilliant. They were the first humiliating defeat of the Spanish army. |
| December 5, 1896 | On the night of December 5, the Christian-Filipino soldiers of the 2nd Company, Regiment No. 69, having learned of the raging revolution in Luzon, mutinied under the leadership of Corporal Felipe Cabrera de los Reyes and Bugler Protasio Añonuevo. The mutiny was suppressed and both Cabrera and Añonuevo and five comrades were executed on December 26. |
Sources:
The Philippines: A Past Revisited. Renato Constantino
The Philippines: A Unique Nation. Dr. Sonia M. Zaide
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